Guide To Transcription (UK)

 PAKA TATANDAAN PO NINYO

Word List

• Beta thalassaemia
• accuRx
• Attend Anywhere
• Akin osteotomy
• beta-blocker (with hyphen)
• beta-plus thalassaemia
• beta-zero thalassaemia
• boilermaker
• boots and bars
• brewery worker
• coeliac screen
• corneal neovascularisation
• correctable
• D-mannose
• e-distribution
• Epidiolex (Lewis James only)
• ETV6/RUNX1 gene fusion
• Filamin A deficiency
• full face mask (unhyphenated)
• hCG results 
• hyperoxaluria
• hypophosphatemic rickets
• Kasai portoenterostomy 
• licence (Noun British)
• long-standing
• macrothrombocytopenia
• meter reader
• neurodisability
• newsagent
• nidus - point of origin of an infection or disease process
• osteopenia (same as American)
• PHITT
• Ponseti programme/treatment
• port wine stain
• Postadenotonsillectomy
• postCOVID fibrosis
• reassessment
• Roux-Goldthwait procedure
• scleromyxoedema
• Silfverskiold test
• Stage IEA follicular lymphoma
• T2-star MRI
• The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital ( The is capitalised)
• The Sunflower Centre
• trapeziumectomy
• vetiginous illness
• Wassel II duplication
• whisky
• Wiberg type III patella
• Yankauer suction
• yardsman
• Yoghurt (UK)

Hyphenated

• IGF-1
• foot-drop (hyphenated)
• gastroc-soleus
• mini-pill
• night-time
• pre-op
• Pre-pubertal
• pre-term
• well-being
• pre-operative

Two Words

• club foot
• corneal neovascularisation
• drop foot
• flat feet (2 words)
• hammer toe/s (two words)
• home care (two words)
• home-school (unhyphenated)
• home-schooler (unhyphenated)
• home-schooling (unhyphenated)
• nail bed (two words)
• neutropenia
• non-tender 
• pin tract
• time frame
• video clip
• web space

One Word

• answerphone
• backup (noun/adj)
• cryoballoon
• daytime
• flatfoot
• pretreatment
• sixth form (lower case)
• workup

Medications

• Aciclovir
• Cinnarizine
• Cod Liver Oil
• Flixonase nasules
• Halmagyi head thrust
• Ketotifen
• mal de debarquement
• Marcain
• MucoClear 3% Saline nebulisers
• Sukkarto
• Vagisil
• Mydrilate eye drops
• Virgan eye gel

Compound word with hyphen

Noun/Adjective:

follow-up, check-up, flare-up, full-time, backup, workup

Verb:

follow up, check up, flare up, back up, work up

a. She works as a catering supervisor full time (adverb)

b. She works as a full-time (adjective) catering supervisor

c. Full-time (noun) for this job is usually 40 hours a week

home-schooling (unhyphenated)

home-schooler (unhyphenated)

home-school (unhyphenated)

non-tender 

TAD

• in clinic/on clinic
• plus minus/plus or minus
• recurrence/reoccurrence
• blood/s room
• unable/not able
• would be happy to see patient/would happily see patient
• consideration of/for
• till/until
• round/around
• though/although
• discharge/discharged
• this/these, all this/all these | note: 'this' can sometimes mean things taken as a whole

One word vs two words

- answerphone

- cryoballoon

- web space

- time frame

- video clip

- daytime

D: Dictated MR number/Unit number/patient number then digits less than 10

T: TAD

 Author said ―has/have gotten‖ type ―has/have got‖.

 Author said ―there isn‘t any‖ type ―there is no‖.

 Author said ―there aren‘t any‖ type ―there are no‖.

 Author said ―there isn‘t anything‖ type ―there is nothing‖.

 Author said ―there wasn‘t anything‖ type ―there was nothing‖.

Ctrl+T - Alignment

-free (always hyphen)

-wise (always hyphen)

-mid (with Proper noun and numeral)

Arabic Numeral

for grade, tier, group, category, band, figure, table, chapter, section, equation, note, page, paragraph, 

appendix (document)

Roman Numeral

for stage, class, phase, level, segment and type (except DM

spelled out

Length: mile(s), metre(s), inch, foot, yard, mile, furlong, cubit eg 5 feet and 1 inch or 5 foot 4 (TAD)

Volume: pints, gallons, units per pint

Weight: ounces, pounds, stone, tons

micron(s), atmosphere, subcentimetre, half million units

Subject-Verb Agreement/Tenses

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

GENERAL RULES:

1.         A singular subject must take a singular verb

            A plural subject takes plural verb

            Singular Subject + Singular Verb

            Plural Subject + Plural Verb

Ex.

She types fast every day.

They type fast every day.

2.         Words that come between the subject and the verb does not affect agreement

            Subject + Clause + sing/plural verb

Ex.

The child, together with his father and mother, is not affected by the flu

3.         AND, NOT ONLY, BUT ALSO make a subject plural

            Therefore use a plural verb

Ex.

Not only John but also Mark were called to the president’s office.

My mother and father are celebrating their 40^th wedding anniversary today.

4.         ONE, EACH, EACH ONE, EVERYTHING, EVERYBODY, EVERYONE, ANYONE, ANYBODY, NO ONE, SOMEBODY and SOMEONE makes a subject singular therefore use singular verb.

Ex.

Each nurse is required to submit a report on the incident.

Everybody wants to be loved.

5.         SEVERAL, SOME, BOTH, MANY, FEW and MOST makes a subject plural therefore use plural verb

Ex.

            Most refuse to pay the graduation fee.

            Few were left alive after the earthquake.

6.         When SOME, HALF, NONE, MORE, ALL are followed by a PREPOSITION, the object of the preposition determines the form of the verb.  The same rule applies for fractions and percentages.

Ex.

            All of the chicken is gone.

            All of the chickens are gone.

            None of the fruit was left on the table.

            None of the fruits were left on the table.

7.         If subjects are connected by the words OR, NOR, NEITHER/NOR, EITHER/OR, the verb agrees with the subject nearest it.

Ex.

            Neither Sally or her sisters were at home when the the package arrived.

            Either Tasha or Chloe is to be blamed for the accident.

8.         For nouns singular in meaning but plural in form (NEWS, GYMNASTICS, ECONOMICS, MATHEMATICS, MUMPS, POLITICS, etc) use singular verb

Ex.

            Mathematics has always been easy for her.

            Politics is a favourite topic these days.

9.         Singular verb form is usually used for units of measurements

Ex.

            Four litres of oils is require to get the machine running.

            Three days is all we need to finish the project.

10.       Collective nouns usually take a singular verb for unless the members are acting separately.

Ex.

            The team presents a weekly report to its supervisor

            The team present a weekly report to their supervisor

            The class holds an annual reunion.

Verb Tenses

Tense	Simple	Progressive	Perfect	Perfect Progressive
Present	take/s	am/is/are taking	have/has taken	have/has been taking
Past	took	was/were taking	had taken	had been taking
Future	will/shall take	will be taking	will have taken	will have been taking

PREPOSITIONS
Single Word Prepositions
Aboard About above across after against along among around as at before behind below beneath beside	between beyond but by despite down during except failing following for from in inside into like	minus near next of off on onto opposite out outside over past plus regarding since than	through throughout till to toward towards under underneath unlike until up upon via with within without
Multi-Word Prepositions
according to ahead of along with as for aside from because of	close to due to except for far from near to next to	out of outside of prior to regardless of as far as as well as	in addition to in case of in front of on account of on behalf of on top of

Antique Trip

Ako si Dilim

Ako si Dilim

By frank

Eden ang lugar ng aking sinlangan sa mundo ng engkanto, diwata, diyos at dyosa. Ako ang tunay na Adan Itinaboy upang ipalit ang huwad na nilalang.

Ako noo’y nagiisa kasama ng mga hayop natulad ko’y lalang ng Maylikha. Aking natuklasan ang karunungang taglay Niya at natutunang ako’y hubad pisikal at isipan. Sinubukan kong ikubli ang aking pagiging hubad ngunit kasama nito ang aking angking kabaitan. Itinanggi ko ang aking pinagmulan. Sinimulan ang pagbura ng aking kasaysayan. Sinimulang itatak sa aking isipan na ako ang nasa itaas ng mga nilikha. Sa paanan ko ang mga hayop sa lupa man o sa dagat. Arogante ang tawag nila sa akin. Nabalot ng pang-aapi ang aking isipan at kalooban.

Nang dahil dito ang aking Ama sa akin nasuklam. Ang aking kasaysayan ay Kanyang kasaysayan. Ako ay nasa kanyang isipan simula pa lamang ng kanyang paglikha. Sa kanyang isipan ang kanyang sugo, tagapagalaga ng lahat ng mga likha at hindi hari sa lupa man o dagat.

At nangyari na nga ang aking masamang panaginip. Itinaboy sa kadiliman ng Eden.  Ikinulong sa rehas ng aking kasamaan. Hindi ako kayang patayin ng aking Ama ngunit kaya niya akong limutin. At iyon ang masakit sa akin. Ang limutin ka ay ang paulit-ulit kang patayin.

At sya nga ay lumikha muli ng mga gabay ng mga nilikha, isang tinawag na lalaki at ang isa, babae. Ang huli ang aking paborito. Nakita ko sa kanya ang kahinaan. Likas iyon sa kanya dahil dito siya kumukuha ng kalakasan. Siya ang aking paborito sapagkat tulad niya ako. Hinubog na mahina upang ipaalam na siya ay hindi pangalawa lamang sa malakas.  Ito ang aking ginamit upang makuha ang kanyang loob. Ang pinakain ko sa kanya ay karunungang kami lamang ang nakakaalam.

Sa dilim ako nabuhay bago sila nilikha. Nabuhay ako ng magisa. Natuwa ako noong malaman kong mayroon akong kawangis, nilikhang tulad ko tagapangalaga ng mga nilalang. May kasama na ako sa Eden ng mga nilikha.

Huwag ninyo akong husgahan sa aking mga nakaraan. Ako’y nilikha din tulad nila. Ang aking katangian lamang ang aking kaibahan. Ako rin ay nilikhang minahal ng Maylikha. May layang pumili ng aking kapalaran. Gumuhit ng sariling daan sa kasaysayan.

Sa aking nasugatan sa digmaan ng idolohiya ng mundo ng kung ano ang tama at mali, kung sino ang may karapatan at kung sino ang wala, ito ang aking katangian. Walang pag-amin ng kamalian, walang kasagutan o pagtugon ng aking kasalanan, sapagkat ito ang aking tungkulin.

Ang init ay may lamig. Ang sarap, pait. Kung sa liwanag ang akala ninyo ay walang dilim, naroroon ako't nakamasid.  Sapagkat na una ang dilim bago ang liwanag.

British English Spelling Guide

• Words ending in –re

American English words that end in -er often end in -re in British English:

US	British
center	centre
fiber	fibre
liter	litre
theatre	theatre

• Words ending in -our

American English words ending in -or usually end in -our in British English:

US	British
color	colour
flavor	flavour
humor	humour
labor	labour
neighbor	neighbour

• Words ending in -ize or -ise

Verbs in American English that can be spelled with either -ize at the end are always spelled with either -ise or -ize at the end in British English:

US	British
apologize	apologize or apologise
Organize	organize or organise
recognize	recognize or recognise

****Exception:

                  Practise – when used as a verb

                  Practice – when used as a noun

                  License – when used as a verb

                  Licence – when used as a noun

• Words ending in -yse

Verbs in American English that end in -yze are always spelled -yse in British English:

US	British
analyze	analyse
breathalyze	breathalyse
paralyze	paralyse

• Words ending in a vowel plus “L”

In British spelling, verbs ending in a vowel plus L double the L when adding endings that begin with a vowel. In American English, the l is not doubled:

US	British
travel	travel
traveled	travelled
traveling	travelling
traveler	traveller

fuel	fuel
fueled	fuelled
fueling	fuelling

• Words spelled with double vowels

British English words that are spelled with the double vowels ae or oe are just spelled with an e in American English:

US	British
leukemia	leukaemia
maneuver	manoeuvre
estrogen	oestrogen
pediatric	paediatric

Note that in American English, certain terms, such as archaeology, keep the ae spelling as standard, although the spelling with just the e (i.e. archeology) is usually acceptable as well.

• Nouns ending with –ence

Some nouns that end with -ense in American English are spelled -ence in British English:

US	British
defense	defence
license	licence
offense	offence
pretense	pretence

• Nouns ending with –ogue

Some nouns that end with either –og or -ogue in American English end with ‑ogue in American English:

US	British
analog or analogue	analogue
catalog or catalogue	catalogue
dialog or dialogue	dialogue

• Other Spelling changes (US changed to UK)
• “f” should be changed to “ph”
• sulfur to sulphur
• “-f” or “-w” should be changed to “-ugh”
• plow to plough
• “-i” should be changed to “-y”
• tire (wheels) to tyre
• “-m” should be changed to “-mme”
• program to programme
• “-ck” should be changed to “-que”
• check (noun) to cheque
• “-ing” should be changed to “-eing”
• aging to ageing
• “-ment” should be changed to “-ement”
• judgment to judgement
• “-able” should be changed to “-eable”
• usable to useable

MISCELLANEOUS
BRITISH	AMERICAN
aluminium	Aluminium
axe	ax
cosy	cozy
kerb (edge of road)	curb
furore	furor
grey	gray
carat	(gold) karat
liquorice	licorice
moustache	mustache
nought	naught
pyjamas	pajamas
sceptic	skeptic
phial	vial
whisky	whiskey

Punctuations

American	British	Symbol
Period	Full stop / stop	.
Comma	Comma	,
Semi-colon	Semi-colon	;
Colon	Colon	:
Parenthesis	Brackets	(  )
Brackets	Square Brackets	[  ]
Curly Brackets	Curly Brackets	{  }
Quotation marks	Inverted Commas	“ ”
Apostrophe	Apostrophe	‘
Slash	Back stroke or stroke	/
Question mark	Query or question mark	?
Exclamation mark	Exclamation point	!